Arch-protector for clamp-kilns



- F. GLECKLER.

ARCH PROTECTOR FOR CLAMP KILNS- APPLICATION FILED APR. 25 192l. I 1,396,1 89, I Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

. 0 v INVENTOR- M ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARCH-PROTECTOR FOR CLAMP-KILNS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

Application filed npril 25, 1921. Serial No. 464,329.

7 To all whom it may. concern:

Be it known'that I, FREDERICK GLEGKLER, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Oak Harbor, county of Ottawa and State of Ohio, havemade an invention appertaining to Arch-Protectors for Clamp-Kilns;

and I do hereby declare thefollowing-to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of "the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to. make and use the same, reference beinghad to the. ac-

companying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon,which form a part. of this specification.

This invention relates to the burning of,

bricks and particularly to a feature for use in connection with what iscommonly known as up-draft or clamp kiln.

Kilns of this character customarily comprise elongated structures havingside walls built parallel to each other about 22 feet apart and havingends and top open, although this varies, and having furnaces builtunderneath the side walls with throats or openings leading into .theinterior of the kiln. The brick to. be burned or treated are piled inlargebodies between the head walls,

the lower. portion being built in arch formation with the ends of thearches in'register with the throats of respective wall furnaces so thatthe heat'and flame from the furnaces enter the arch'ends. .The archesare usually.

built so that the spaces or flues formed there by are from 12 to 16inches wide and the brick comprising the same are laid in various waysto prevent outlet spaces therebetween. An objectionable feature incidentto the. use of kilns .of this character is "that the cold air whichenter the arches while firing or cleaning grates followed by the intenseblast of heat and flame is farvbeyond the endurance of common claybrick, causing a fusing and unavoidable damage to the brick in the headsof the kiln arches, the portions of the arches thus damaged extendingfrom the openings back an average distance of five or six feet into. thearch and invariably forming a melted mass of cracked or inferior brickat such points.

The primary object of my invention is the provision of meanswithin abrick arch adjacent to a furnace throat for causing a substantially evendischarge-of the heat and flame throughout the length of the arch andpreventing the melting, cracking and other wall.

injury to the brickin the head portions of the arch that has heretoforebeen present in the burning of brick in kilns of the up-draft type.Further objects and advantages of the inventlon are apparent from thefollowing detailed description thereof.

While the invention in its broader aspect is capable of embodiment innumerous forms, a. preferred embodiment thereof is illustrated intheaccompanyingdrawing, in w'hich,

igure I is an interior view of a side portion of a kiln with a partiallybuilt-up brick arch extending from a furnace throat in the wall andinclosing a sub-arch or furnace throat extension embodying theinvention, and Fig. II is a vertical section thereof on the line IIII inFig. I.

Referring, to, the drawings, 1 designates the lnteriorf of a kiln of theup-draft or clamp type, and 2 a side wall thereof having a plurality offurnacethroats or openings 3 therein at spaced intervals along itsbottom portion, and having a peek opening 4: above each furnace opening.

The brick to be burned are built up loosely in the form of arches 5, orWhat is commonly known as kiln benches, which extend across the kilnfrom one side to the other ininclosing register at each end with afurnace throat 3 of the respective side These arches are built up indifferent sizesby different operators, but in any event the bricktherein are disposed in laterally spaced relation with the spacesbetween the brick of one row crossing the spaces between the brick ofthe rows above and below the same, thereby enabling a circulation of thehotflame and gases of combustion from the furnace around each brick ofthe arch, so far asis possible by building of the brick rows one on topof another. The spaces between the legs or side walls of the arches areusually from'12 to 16 inches wide and-from 3% to 4 feet high.

The arch protector and heat distributer forming my invention comprises asub-arch or tunnel 6 within each end of a brick arch 5 and is formed byloosely building up fire brick without mortar and with spaces betweenthe same to permit a lateral restricted escape of hot gases and flamefrom the tunthat conditions of different kilns will differ extendoutward from the respective furnace openings or throats 3 so that theflame and hot gases of combustion discharged into an arch from a furnaceopening are required to pass through a registering sub-arch be foreentering the brick arch, although restricted portions of the flame andgases are distributed laterally from the sub-arch through the wallspaces thereof. The sides of a sub-arch form a protecting lining for thearch proper and its height depends on the height of the furnace throatleading into the arch, but the usual height is 9 to 16 inches. The brickin the sides and top of the sub-arch should be laid with spread jointsgiving the flame and gases of combustion a chance to escape laterallyfrom the sub-arch to the ware in the benches, and to the portion of thebrick above. The size of the joints in the sides and cover of a subarchcannot be definitely set for the reason as well as will the notions ofits users. It is important, however, that the spaces between the brickbe not of such size as to permit such a quantity of hot gases and flameto be.

directed therethrough against the brickin the benches as to melt orinjure the latter. The width of a tunnel or arch depends on the width ofthe arches proper which are generally either 12 or 16 inches wide; A 16inch arch leaves room for a 7 inch tunnel opening with the side wallbricks of the tunnel laid flat, while a 12 inch arch leaves room for thesame size opening with the side wall bricks of the tunnel set on edge.

The purpose of the sub-arch or tunnel 6 is to prevent the full force andeffect of the hot gases and flame, as they rush into a main arch 5 froma furnace opening, from having destructive action on the brick in a mainarch which are disposed adjacent to its furnace opening, but on thecontrary to cause a breaking up of the flame and gases pennitting a partto escape through the walls of the sub-arch into contact with adjacentbrick and causing the remainder to pass entirely through the sub-archand to be discharged from its outer end into the main. The sub-archcauses the heat arch space. and flame to be more evenly dischargedthroughout the interior of a main arch 5 and throughout a much largerspace than is otherwise possible, thereby creating a more uniform heatthroughout the entire main arch and leaving less chance for slow spots.If a light fire is employed the flame and heat therefrom may escape fromthe sub-arch through the sides and top thereof close to the furnacethroat, while, if a heavy fire is employed, the surplus of the flame andhot gases of combustion dash through the arch toward the center of thekiln. The heat gathered up by the fire brick in the subarch issuflicient to keep practically an entire arch at'a uniform temperatureeven after the fire has greatly subsided.

' A further important feature of the subarch is thatit moderates thecold air, that enters the arch from a furnace while cleauing grates orfiring and then scatters the heavy flame and products of. combustionwhich follows, instead of permitting the brick of a main arch at theheads thereof to receive practicallythe full impact of cold air enteringthe. arches and then the impact of the flame andof gases of combustionwhich follow. Q i

I wish it understood that my, invention is not limited to any specificconstruction, ar-

rangement or form of the-parts, as it is capable of embodiment innumerous forms without departing from the spirit of the distance intothe ware arch from the furnace,

with the spaces between the bricks forming lateral distributing openingsfor the flame and hot gases of combustion from the subarch and into theware arch.

2. In a kiln of the class described, the combination with a ware-archextending from a furnace opening of'the kiln, of a subarch extendingoutward from the furnace opening a distance within the ware arch andhavlng 1ts outer end open and heat distrlbuting openings in 1ts sides. Y

3. In a kiln of the class described having a furnace opening in a wallthereof, the combination with an arch of ware to be burned extending atone end *from the furnace opening in embracing relation thereto,andmeans extending from the furnace opening a disthe class described,the

tance into the adjacent end portion of thearch and forming an extensionfor the fur nace opening having provision for the lateral and outer enddischarge of flame and hot gases of combustion therefrom within the warearch.

4:. In a kiln of the class described having a furnace discharge throatin the bottom portion .of a wall thereof, an arch extending at one endfrom the furnace throat in encompassing relation thereto and formed ofware to be burned with the ware built up in spaced relation, andfirerbrick built up within the arch to form a tunnel extending adistance 7 into the arch from the furnace throat and having lateralopenings distributed throughout its length and an outer end opening forthe discharge of flame and gases into the arch from the furnace throat.

5. n a ki n of the class described having 130 a furnace discharge throatin the bottom portion of a Wall thereof, an arch extending at one endfrom the furnace throat in encompassing relation thereto and formed ofWare to be burned, With the Ware built up in spaced relation, and firebrick built up Within the arch to form a tunnel extending a distanceinto the arch from the furnace throat and having lateral openingsdistributed throughout its length and an outer 10 end opening for thedischarge of flame and gases into the arch from the furnace throat, thetunnel being of less depth than the arch.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name to thisspecification.

FREDERICK GLECKLER.

